| snippet:
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This dataset depicts spatial locations that are prone to reoccurrence of atmospheric precipitation levels below the long-term average from 1948-2021 during the warm season (May-September).
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| summary:
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This dataset depicts spatial locations that are prone to reoccurrence of atmospheric precipitation levels below the long-term average from 1948-2021 during the warm season (May-September).
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| accessInformation:
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Egan et al. 2023. Association of Multidecadal Repeat-Aridity with Bark Beetle and Wildfire Disturbances from 2000-2022 across conterminous United States. In press: Forest Health Monitoring: National Status, Trends, and Analysis. 2023 National Report.
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| thumbnail:
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thumbnail/thumbnail.png
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| maxScale:
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5000
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| typeKeywords:
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["ArcGIS Server","Data","Image Service","Service"]
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| description:
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<div style='text-align:Left;'><div><div><p><span>Multidecadal Repeat-Aridity Exposure Index (MRAEI). This dataset depicts spatial locations that are prone to reoccurrence of atmospheric precipitation levels below the long-term average from 1948-2021 during the warm season (May-September). Arid climatic conditions during the warm season have been identified to predispose forested ecosystems to disturbance with impacts to wildfire area burned and enhance forest vulnerability to bark beetle infestations (Holden et al. 2018 </span><a href='https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1802316115' target='_blank' style='text-decoration:underline;'><span>https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1802316115</span></a><span>; Egan et al. 2023, in press). </span></p><p><span>The MRAEI is a climate-based indicator that represents locations that have experienced repeat-aridity during warm season throughout the long-term dry cycle that has impacted western U.S. from 2000-2021. This dataset was derived from the standardized precipitation index (SPI; Guttman 1999: </span><a href='https://drought.unl.edu/archive/Documents/NDMC/Workshops/136/Ref/SPI_Guttman.pdf' target='_blank' style='text-decoration:underline;'><span>https://drought.unl.edu/archive/Documents/NDMC/Workshops/136/Ref/SPI_Guttman.pdf</span></a><span>; McKee et al. 1993 </span><a href='https://www.droughtmanagement.info/literature/AMS_Relationship_Drought_Frequency_Duration_Time_Scales_1993.pdf' target='_blank' style='text-decoration:underline;'><span>https://www.droughtmanagement.info/literature/AMS_Relationship_Drought_Frequency_Duration_Time_Scales_1993.pdf</span></a><span>) that was calculated at 4 km2 resolution, respectively for each of 481k grid cells across the conterminous U.S., using the Parameter-elevation with independent slope model dataset (PRISM, Daly et al. 1994) and normalized across 1948-2021 period by fitting Gamma distribution, using observations to compute Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF), then evaluating CDF with inverse Gaussian function to derive final SPI anomaly values (Holden and Hoylman 2023 </span><a href='https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7921890' target='_blank' style='text-decoration:underline;'><span>https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7921890</span></a><span>). Then, the temporal frequency of dry anomalies for each site-specific grid cell was calculated from 2000-2021, scaled by severity of dry anomaly with < -3 SPI severe dry as a baseline, and divided by the baseline to represent cumulative percent (%) of years with severe dry equivalence (Egan et al. 2023, in press)</span></p><p></div></div></div></p>
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| licenseInfo:
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<div style='text-align:Left;'><div><div><p><span>The USDA Forest Service makes no warranty, expressed or implied, including the warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, nor assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, reliability, completeness or utility of these geospatial data, or for the improper or incorrect use of these geospatial data. These geospatial data and related maps or graphics are not legal documents and are not intended to be used as such. The data and maps may not be used to determine title, ownership, legal descriptions or boundaries, legal jurisdiction, or restrictions that may be in place on either public or private land. Natural hazards may or may not be depicted on the data and maps, and land users should exercise due caution. The data are dynamic and may change over time. The user is responsible to verify the limitations of the geospatial data and to use the data accordingly. </span></p><p><span /></p><p><span>Additionally, the U.S. Forest Service waives copyright and related rights in the work worldwide through the CC0 (which can be found at </span><a href='https://creativecommons.org/public-domain/cc0/' target='_blank' style='text-decoration:underline;'><span>https://creativecommons.org/public-domain/cc0/</span></a><span>).</span></p><p><span /></p><p><span>Non-Discrimination Statement </span></p><p><span /></p><p><span>In accordance with Federal civil rights law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, the USDA, its Agencies, offices, and employees, and institutions participating in or administering USDA programs are prohibited from discriminating based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, disability, age, marital status, family/parental status, income derived from a public assistance program, political beliefs, or reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity, in any program or activity conducted or funded by USDA (not all bases apply to all programs). Remedies and complaint filing deadlines vary by program or incident. </span></p><p><span /></p><p><span>Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, American Sign Language, etc.) should contact the State or local Agency that administers the program or contact USDA through the Telecommunications Relay Service at 711 (voice and TTY). Additionally, program information may be made available in languages other than English. </span></p><p><span /></p><p><span>To file a program discrimination complaint, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, AD-3027, found online at How to File a Program Discrimination Complaint and at any USDA office or write a letter addressed to USDA and provide in the letter all of the information requested in the form. To request a copy of the complaint form, call (866) 632-9992. Submit your completed form or letter to USDA by: (1) mail: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Mail Stop 9410, Washington, D.C. 20250-9410; (2) fax: (202) 690-7442; or (3) email: program.intake@usda.gov. </span></p><p><span /></p><p><span>USDA is an equal opportunity provider, employer, and lender. </span></p></div></div></div>
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| catalogPath:
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| title:
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USFS_CRV_Climate_MultidecadalRepeatDrynessExposureIndex
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| type:
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Image Service
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| url:
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| tags:
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["USFS","CRV","Climate","Risk","Viewer","Multidecadal Dryness Exposure","MRAEI","Repeat Aridity","Precipitation","Arid","Drought"]
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| culture:
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en-US
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| portalUrl:
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| name:
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USFS_CRV_Climate_MultidecadalRepeatDrynessExposureIndex
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| guid:
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| minScale:
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150000000
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| spatialReference:
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WGS_1984_Web_Mercator_Auxiliary_Sphere
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